[Cankor] Report #214

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Dear subscriber,

Welcome to issue #214 of the CanKor Report.

For articles not original to CanKor, direct links are available in the
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The CanKor team

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CANADA-KOREA ELECTRONIC INFORMATION SERVICE

CanKor # 214

Monday, 25 July 2005
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This week's full-focus edition of the CanKor Report surveys press reports 
emanating from participating countries as delegates arrive in Beijing for 
the long-anticipated fourth round of Six-Party Talks. As host of the talks, 
China tries hard to strike a neutral stance. The talks are to begin at 9:00 
a.m. on Tuesday.

The format of the Six-Party Talks is different this time. In the previous 
three rounds of talks, opening ceremonies were used to present the 
delegations' positions in long keynote speeches. This time top negotiators 
are planning to deliver the keynote speeches at a plenary session a day 
later on Wednesday. This change is aimed at giving each party enough time to 
narrow their differences by holding bilateral contacts before the keynote 
speeches. The Koreas have already met and agreed on the need to institute a 
"framework" for a nuclear weapons-free Korean Peninsula.

A DPRK Foreign Ministry statement received by CanKor from the DPRK Permanent 
Mission to the UN in New York promotes the building of a "peace mechanism" 
on the Korean Peninsula. Such a mechanism would contribute to an atmosphere 
of peaceful coexistence between the USA and the DPRK, says the statement, 
assisting to the goal of denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula.

US envoy Christopher Hill and DPRK Vice Foreign Minister Kim Kye Gwan, 
respective heads of their delegations to the Six-Party Talks, hold a rare, 
750-minute one-on-one meeting in Beijing on Monday in an effort to prepare 
for progress in the talks. An official clarified that this was not a 
negotiating session, but that both sides have agreed to stay beyond the 
three-day limit at previous talks, until they "get something done."

Offering a package of proposals "based on commons sense," Russian delegation 
head and deputy Foreign Minister Alexander Alekseyev says the fourth round 
of Six-Party Talks is expected to produce a "more detailed, synchronized" 
schedule of the process of the DPRK's nuclear programme's dismantlement.

Mixed signals come from Japan. Government officials hold out the promise of 
energy aid if there is substantial progress. But a top Japanese Foreign 
Ministry official is quoted as saying that Tokyo would raise the abduction 
issue, a move that the DPRK has clearly stated would be a deal-breaker.

In this week's OPINION section, New York Times columnist Nicholas D. Kristof 
proposes that engagement -- as arduous, frustrating and unsatisfying as it 
may be -- is the only remaining option.
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FOCUS: Fourth round of Six-Party Talks begins

1.   CHINA HOPES FOR PROGRESS IN SIX PARTY TALKS
     http://en.chinabroadcast.cn/2238/2005-7-21/88@259611.htm
2.   KOREAS MEET AHEAD OF 6-WAY NEGOTIATIONS
     http://times.hankooki.com/lpage/200507/kt2005072418403510440.htm
3.   DPRK CLARIFIES ITS STAND ON BUILDING PEACE
     Direct from the DPRK Permanent Mission to the United Nations
4.   US, DPRK ENVOYS MEET BEFORE TALKS IN BEIJING
     http://www.cbc.ca/cp/world/050725/w072532.html
5.   MOSCOW OFFERS "COMMON SENSE" INITIATIVES
     http://www.gateway2russia.com/st/art_280807.php
6.   JAPAN WILL AID DPRK IF TALKS PROGRESS
     http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/7/24/worldupdates/2005-07-23T230920Z_01_NOOTR_RTRJONC_0_-210391-1&sec=Worldupdates

OPINION
7.   ENGAGEMENT: THE ONLY OPTION LEFT
     http://www.thestate.com/mld/state/news/opinion/12174923.htm
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1.   CHINA HOPES FOR PROGRESS IN SIX PARTY TALKS
     by Mendaka Abeysekera, Asia Tribune, 22 July 2005

China will work closely with the other parties and try to make the upcoming 
new round of six party talks proceed smoothly and achieve substantive 
progress. This was stated by Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Kong Quan on 
Thursday in Beijing.

According to state news agency, Kong Quan said that as a member of six party 
talks and host nation, China will take a serious and responsible attitude 
and work closely with the other parties in the talks on the nuclear issue of 
the Korean Peninsula.

The talks will begin at 9.00 am next Tuesday at the Diaoyutai State 
Guesthouse, the venue of the previous three rounds, in Beijing.

According Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman, Chinese delegation will be 
headed by Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Wu Dawei and the Democratic People's 
Republic of Korea's delegation will be headed by Vice Foreign Minister Kim 
Kye Gwan. The South Korean delegation will be headed by Deputy Foreign 
Minister Song Min-soon, the US delegation by Assistant Secretary of State 
Christopher Hill, the Russian delegation by Deputy Foreign Minister 
Alexander Alekseyev, and Japanese delegation by Sasae Kenichiro, director 
general of the Asian and Oceanic Affairs Bureau of the Japanese Foreign 
Ministry.

Kong also stated that specific agenda of the talks is still under 
discussion.

"We hope all the participating parties would take a constructive attitude, 
show flexibility and sincerity, and work together with unremitting efforts 
to achieve positive progress of the talks and the final peaceful resolution 
of the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue" he pointed out.
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2.   KOREAS MEET AHEAD OF 6-WAY NEGOTIATIONS
     by Park Song-wu, Korea Times, 24 July 2005

Top negotiators from the two Koreas held bilateral discussions here on 
Sunday to prepare for the opening of the long-delayed six-party talks aimed 
at convincing Pyongyang to abandon its nuclear weapons programs, a Seoul 
official said.

Deputy Foreign Minister Song Min-soon, South Korea's chief delegate to the 
talks, met with his North Korean counterpart Kim Kye Gwan in a 100-minute 
discussion that began around 11 a.m., said Bae Young-han, a spokesman for 
South Korea's delegation to the nuclear talks. Song later said at a press 
briefing that he and Kim agreed on the need to institute a "framework" for 
the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.

"We shared the view that participants in the talks should produce 
substantial progress and come up with a framework for the realization of a 
nuclear-free Korean Peninsula," he said. Meanwhile, the US delegation, led 
by Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill, predicted that more rounds 
of talks will be necessary.

"I wouldn't expect this to be the last set of negotiations," he told 
reporters after arriving in Beijing. "The negotiations have been in 
suspension for over a year, so we have to see where we go with these. We 
would like to make some measurable progress."

The two Koreas' bilateral contact came as the multilateral nuclear 
negotiations are set to go through a warm-up session today. Delegates are 
expected to hold working-level meetings to coordinate the agenda and 
timetable of the talks, which officially begin Tuesday.

Song, who arrived in Beijing on Saturday, told reporters before departing 
for China that there would be no "newsworthy" events over the weekend. 
Declining to elaborate, officials in Seoul said it was necessary for Song to 
arrive in Beijing early to work out "details" for the six-party talks. North 
Korea's delegation arrived in the Chinese capital on Friday. After holding 
bilateral talks or other forms of negotiations, delegates from six nations 
are scheduled to attend a welcoming reception hosted by China's Foreign 
Minister Li Zhaoxing tonight.

Bilateral meetings, involving North Korea, within the framework of the 
six-party talks are expected to indicate how far Pyongyang is determined to 
move forward and at what price after a 13-month boycott of the talks, 
officials in Seoul said. The opening ceremony for the talks will be held at 
Diaoyutai state guesthouse in western Beijing on Tuesday. After the 
ceremony, which is expected to last around an hour, delegates plan to 
swiftly begin holding meetings in various forms, such as bilateral contacts 
between the US and North Korea.

In the previous three rounds of talks, opening ceremonies were used to 
present the delegation's positions in long keynote speeches. But this time 
top negotiators are planning to deliver the keynote speeches at a plenary 
session a day later on Wednesday.

This change is aimed at giving each party enough time to narrow their 
differences by holding bilateral contacts before the keynote speeches, Seoul 
officials said. In the past, the terms used for the keynote speeches -- such 
as Washington's hope for "complete, verifiable, irreversible dismantlement" 
of Pyongyang's nuclear programs -- used to lead Pyongyang to show strong 
resistance, spoiling the talks' atmosphere. South Korea's delegates consist 
of eight negotiators, including Song, and 17 aides. Most of them left for 
Beijing on Sunday.

More than 300 overseas correspondents, including around 70 South Korean 
reporters, will cover the fourth round of six-party talks, China's Xinhua 
news agency reported. The international correspondents include over 100 
residing in Beijing and another 200 who have registered with the Chinese 
Foreign Ministry from abroad, the wire news service said.

This week's talks, which have no official closing date, mark the resumption 
of the nuclear dialogue that North Korea has stalled over the past 13 
months. The six participating countries are the two Koreas, the US, China, 
Russia and Japan.
*************************************************

3.   DPRK CLARIFIES ITS STAND ON BUILDING PEACE
     DPRK UN Mission Press Release, 22 July 2005

A spokesman for the Foreign Ministry of the DPRK Friday issued a statement 
clarifying the principled stance on building a peace mechanism on the Korean 
Peninsula in the run-up to the 52nd anniversary of the conclusion of the 
Korean Armistice Agreement (KAA). It said:

The process of building a peace mechanism on the Korean Peninsula should 
contribute under any circumstances to creating an atmosphere for the 
peaceful co-existence between the DPRK and the US and achieving peaceful 
reunification of the north and the south of Korea. The building of a peace 
mechanism is a process which the DPRK and the US should go through without 
fail in order to attain the goal of denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula.

By nature the ceasefire was realized on the premise of a peaceful settlement 
of the Korean issue.

The Korean issue has not yet been solved due to the US unreasonable policy 
toward the DPRK though more than half a century has passed since the 
conclusion of the KAA. The US adopted "National Security Council Resolution 
170" in November 1953 right after the ceasefire, defining it as its policy 
to perpetuate the division of the Korean Peninsula, while indefinitely 
keeping the ceasefire mechanism till it puts the whole of Korea under its 
occupation. In June, 1954 the US deliberately brought the Geneva conference 
on the Korean issue to rupture, completely blocking the withdrawal of all 
the foreign troops from Korea and the peaceful solution of the Korean issue 
envisaged in the KAA.

In the subsequent period, too, the US sought only confrontation and tension 
on the Korean Peninsula, turning down the proposal for holding the 
tripartite talks inviting south Korea, too, to participate in the DPRK-US 
talks and all other fair and realistic proposals and initiatives advanced by 
the DPRK government to replace the armistice agreement by a peace agreement.

The DPRK also had the four-party talks to build a lasting peace mechanism on 
the Korean Peninsula but they could not prove successful due to the US 
insincere approach towards the talks.

As seen above, due to the US anachronistic policy aimed to maintain the 
ceasefire mechanism on the Korean Peninsula, Northeast Asia still remains 
the biggest hotbed in the world, the only region where there is the 
structure of confrontation dating back to the Cold War era in the new 
century.

To replace the fragile ceasefire mechanism by a lasting peace mechanism on 
the Korean Peninsula with a view to doing away with the last leftover of the 
Cold War era is essential not only for the peace and reunification of Korea 
but for the peace and security in Northeast Asia and the rest of the world. 
Moreover, this presents itself as an issue pending an urgent solution for 
fairly settling the nuclear issue between the DPRK and the US, a matter of 
concern of the international community.

Replacing the ceasefire mechanism by a peace mechanism on the Korean 
Peninsula would lead to putting an end to the US hostile policy toward the 
DPRK, which spawned the nuclear issue, and the former's nuclear threat and 
automatically result in the denuclearization of the peninsula.

The replacement of the fragile ceasefire mechanism by a lasting peace 
mechanism on the Korean Peninsula would precisely mean a process of 
peacefully settling the Korean issue.

Successful progress in the process of building a peace mechanism on the 
Korean Peninsula would not only help towards achieving peace and security on 
the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia and the rest of the world but give a 
strong impetus to the process of the soon-to-be-resumed six-party talks 
aimed to settle the nuclear issue.

It is the hope of the DPRK that the US and other countries concerned would 
pay due attention to the just stand of the DPRK on building a peace 
mechanism and positively respond to it.
*************************************************

4.   US, DPRK ENVOYS MEET BEFORE TALKS IN BEIJING
     Associated Press (AP), 25 July 2005

US and North Korean negotiators held a rare one-on-one meeting Monday amid a 
flurry of contacts between delegations on the eve of six-nation talks aimed 
at getting the isolated communist nation to give up its nuclear program. 
During their 75-minute meeting, US envoy Christopher Hill and the North 
Korean envoy discussed the terms of the dispute in an effort to prepare for 
productive talks, but didn't take up specific issues such as whether the 
North has a uranium-enrichment program, said a senior US official.

The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, described the meeting as 
businesslike and said the North Koreans agreed on the need for this round of 
talks to make progress. The official stressed that it wasn't meant as a 
negotiating session. The encounter came as envoys from the two Koreas, the 
United States, host China, Japan and Russia held a flurry of meetings in 
preparation for restarting talks Tuesday following a gap of more than a 
year.

The meeting between Hill, an assistant US secretary of state, and North 
Korean officials included a discussion of what Pyongyang means when it says 
it wants a "nuclear-free Korean peninsula," the official said, without 
elaborating.

All six delegations agreed not to set a time limit on this round of talks in 
hopes that a flexible schedule will make progress possible, the US official 
said. All three previous rounds -- the last in June 2004 -- have been 
limited to three days.

"We do have agreement that we're going to stay here as long as it takes to 
get something done," the official said.

Earlier Monday, Hill said of the talks: "We are looking forward to working 
hard and trying to make some progress." He did not say what progress 
Washington hopes to make. The US official said the delegations are already 
discussing the possible timing of a fifth round of talks in order to avoid a 
similar lengthy gap that could harm the negotiations.

South Korean Deputy Foreign Minister Song Min-Soon and the North Korean 
envoy, Kim Kye Gwan, met Sunday and "agreed to come up with a framework to 
realize denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula," the official said. The 
two Koreas agreed to hold bilateral meetings throughout the talks, the 
official added. Earlier this month, Seoul offered a new incentive for the 
North to negotiate - 2 million kilowatts of electricity by 2008 if Pyongyang 
agrees to dismantle its nuclear weapons.

The leader of Tokyo's delegation, Kenichiro Sasae, said the nuclear issue is 
central to talks, but Japan and the United States have agreed to "co-operate 
closely" to address North Korea's past abductions of Japanese citizens. His 
comments were broadcast on Japan's NHK television. In a meeting Monday, 
South Korean officials pressed Japan not to let other issues obstruct 
progress on the nuclear dispute, said a South Korean official.

The South Korean side "stressed that during this round of talks we should 
focus on discussing the nuclear issue and prevent dispersing attention as 
even North Korea seems, in general, to agree with the method of approach we 
are taking," said the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity. The 
Japanese didn't refer specifically to the abduction issue during the 
meeting, but did talk about "bilateral issues" between Japan and North 
Korea, the South Korean official said, without elaborating.

The last round of six-nation talks ended in June 2004 without major progress 
toward a settlement of the dispute, which erupted in late 2002 when the 
United States said North Korea had admitted running a nuclear program in 
violation of an earlier agreement.

In February, the North claimed it had nuclear weapons. It hasn't conducted 
any known nuclear test explosions, but experts believe it has enough 
weapons-grade plutonium for about a half-dozen bombs. North Korea says it 
would drop its nuclear ambitions in exchange for diplomatic relations with 
the United States and a formal US non-aggression commitment. It also wants 
to be removed from Washington's list of terrorism-sponsoring countries, and 
for economic sanctions against it to be dropped. Washington has refused to 
offer concessions until the North is certified free of nuclear weapons, but 
Pyongyang insists on getting something first before abandoning its atomic 
program.

North Korean Foreign Minister Paek Nam Sun also held talks Sunday with his 
Thai counterpart, Kantathi Suphamongkhon, in Bangkok.

"There is the sense of desire to put the nuclear situation to rest if a 
package can be agreed upon," Kantathi told reporters after the meeting. 
"There's a sense that there's an eagerness to resume the talks. There's a 
clear desire now to move forward."
*************************************************

5.   MOSCOW OFFERS "COMMON SENSE" INITIATIVES
     ITAR TASS, 25 July 2005

Russia is prepared to offer compensatory aid to North Korea, including 
energy supplies, for abandoning its nuclear programme, ITAR-TASS reported on 
25 July, quoting Deputy Foreign Minister Alexander Alekseyev. Speaking to 
journalists at Beijing airport Alekseyev, who heads the Russian delegation 
to the six-party talks on the North Korean nuclear problem, said that Russia 
has put forward a package of proposals "based on common sense" to help 
resolve the problem.

The diplomat added that the fourth round of the six-party talks is expected 
to produce "concrete results" and called on the negotiators to "look more 
closely" at the Russian initiatives. Alekseyev also said that the Russian 
delegation would like this round to result in a "more detailed, 
synchronized" schedule of the process of the North Korean nuclear 
programme's dismantlement.

China, Japan, North and South Korea, Russia and the United States have held 
three rounds of talks on the North Korean nuclear programme since August 
2003. The previous one was held in June 2004. Alekseyev noted that the 
negotiators have not wasted time since then. The participants, he said, have 
carried out "intensive consultations in various formats and configurations 
which resulted in the agreement to hold the fourth round".
*************************************************

6.   JAPAN WILL AID DPRK IF TALKS PROGRESS
     Reuters, 24 July 2005

Japan will provide energy aid to North Korea if substantial progress is made 
in getting Pyongyang to abandon its nuclear programme in talks next week, 
Kyodo news agency quoted Japanese government sources as saying on Saturday.

The move would probably spark criticism from some Japanese politicians, who 
argue Tokyo should withhold aid until there is progress toward resolving a 
feud over Japanese citizens abducted by North Korean agents decades ago, 
Kyodo said.

Senior delegates from the United States, South and North Korea, China, Japan 
and Russia will meet in Beijing from Tuesday for talks on a nuclear crisis 
that emerged in 2002 after Washington said Pyongyang had admitted to 
pursuing secretly a nuclear arms programme in violation of the 1994 
agreement.

The regional powers hope to persuade North Korea to dismantle its nuclear 
weapons programmes in exchange for security guarantees and economic 
assistance.

Kyodo quoted a top Japanese Foreign Ministry official as saying that Tokyo 
would raise the abduction issue -- an obstacle to normalizing relations with 
Pyongyang -- at the talks. But the official added it would be difficult for 
Japan to oppose requests from Washington and Seoul to give aid to the North 
if progress was made over the nuclear issue, Kyodo said.

North Korean leader Kim Jong-il said at a 2002 summit with Japanese Prime 
Minister Junichiro Koizumi that Pyongyang had kidnapped 13 Japanese in the 
1970s and 1980s to help train spies.

Five were repatriated with their children, who were born in North Korea. 
Pyongyang says the other eight are dead. Japan has been pressing for more 
information on the eight and another three who Tokyo says were also 
kidnapped. North Korea, which insists the case is closed on the abductions 
and has shunned bilateral talks since late last year, has said any attempt 
by Japan to raise the issue at the multilateral forum would disrupt the 
nuclear talks.

North Korea's state media criticized Japan on Saturday.

"Several rounds of the six-party talks held so far proved fruitless. One of 
the serious reasons for this rests with Japan. The DPRK (North Korea), 
therefore, feels no need to sit face to face with Japan, a black-hearted 
filibuster against the talks," Pyongyang's KCNA news agency quoted North 
Korea's Minju Joson as saying in a commentary. In a separate article, KCNA 
attacked Japan's human rights record.

"What should not be overlooked is the fact that Japan, which lacks a proper 
justification to participate in the six-party talks, is foolishly trying to 
place on their agenda the issue which has nothing to do with the 
denuclearization of the Korean peninsula in a bid to twist the nature of the 
talks and use them for meeting its selfish purpose," KCNA said.
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OPINION

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7.   ENGAGEMENT: THE ONLY OPTION LEFT
     by Nicholas D. Kristof,  New York Times, 20 July 2005

Moored on a river here in the North Korean capital is the USS Pueblo, 
described as an "armed spy ship of the US imperialist aggression forces." 
The Pueblo is the Navy ship that North Korea seized in 1968 in waters off 
the country's east coast, setting off an international crisis. One American 
sailor was killed and 82 others were imprisoned for nearly a year and 
tortured into writing confessions. To signal that the confessions were 
forced, the sailors listed accomplices like the television character Maxwell 
Smart.

When forced to pose for a photo, some crew members extended their middle 
fingers to the camera, explaining to the North Korean photographer that this 
was a Hawaiian good luck sign. After the photo was published and the North 
Korean guards realized they'd been had, the sailors suffered a week of 
particularly brutal torture.

As the first Navy vessel to surrender in peacetime since 1807, the Pueblo 
was a humiliation for America. And it has become a propaganda trophy for 
North Korea, with ordinary Koreans paraded through in organized tours to 
fire up nationalist support for the Dear Leader, Kim Jong Il.

Then Kim decided the propaganda would be even better if the ship was moved 
from the east coast to the capital. So the North Korean Navy disguised the 
Pueblo as a freighter, ran up the North Korean flag and sailed it for nine 
days through international waters around South Korea to the west coast of 
North Korea, and then up a river to Pyongyang. In 1999, the Pueblo opened 
triumphantly to crowds in Pyongyang. (Photos are at 
www.nytimes.com/opinion.)

"When this ship left Wonsan port (on the east coast), Japanese ships 
mobilized to check it," said Col. Kim Jung Rok, who as a 28-year-old sailor 
helped storm the Pueblo and is now in charge of it. "But then they saw it 
was an ordinary freighter and withdrew."

It's a bad sign that the Western intelligence experts who monitor North 
Korean ports and examine satellite images didn't notice that the Pueblo had 
moved. President Bush's refusal to engage North Korea, as the Clinton 
administration had done, has already led the North to revive plutonium 
production. Mr. Bush's backup plan is to stop North Korean nuclear 
proliferation by intercepting nuclear materials as they leave the country --  
but that's wishful thinking. If we couldn't detect the transfer of a famous 
176-foot ship, it's ludicrous to think we could stop the smuggling of a 
grapefruit-size chunk of plutonium.

The Pueblo is also a reminder that Kim Jong Il is unrelenting in promoting 
nationalism -- and hostility to the West -- to keep himself in power. That 
prickly Korean nationalism -- think of the French, cubed -- offers the only 
shred of legitimacy the Dear Leader has. Many tens of thousands of ethnic 
Koreans in Japan support North Korea, not because they are Communists but 
because they are patriots -- they see the Dear Leader as an authentic Korean 
nationalist, in contrast with the American quislings in the South.

The biggest mistake America has made since World War II has been to 
misunderstand nationalism. That myopia now bolsters Kim Jong Il. When Bush 
administration officials rattle sabres at North Korea, they're helping to 
keep Kim Jong Il in power.

Since the War of 1812, only two nations, Russia and China, have posed a 
major military threat to our home turf. Now North Korea, with its nuclear 
weapons and three-stage Taepodong missiles, is apparently joining that list, 
and emerging as a potential global eBay for anyone seeking plutonium. And 
our plans to deal with that problem by intercepting shipments are as loony 
as North Korea itself.

But the story of the Pueblo's capture also offers a hint of how to proceed. 
Initially, many Americans favoured a hard line. The chairman of the House 
Armed Services Committee, for example, urged dropping a nuclear bomb on one 
North Korean city.

President Lyndon Johnson resisted, noting that bombing North Korea would not 
bring our hostages home. So the United States tried full-bore diplomacy. It 
was frustrating, slow and not wholly successful, but in the end was the best 
of a bunch of bad alternatives.

It's time for us to learn from the Pueblo again. The Bush administration's 
dismissal of serious, direct diplomacy has made Korea more dangerous. 
Engagement may be arduous, frustrating and often unsatisfying, but it's the 
only option we have left.
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End CanKor # 214

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